The agreement is one of several signed today as Chinese Premier Li Keqiang visits New Zealand.
China is New Zealand's second largest market for beef and sheep exports. New Zealand exported about NZ $1 billion worth of frozen sheep and beef meat in the year to December 2016, a trade that has grown five-fold since 2011.
Alliance Group said development of the necessary infrastructure to support the exports would be critical to the success of the lamb market to China.
"This is an important first step," chief executive David Surveyor said in a statement.
"Chilled lamb exports to China offer significant opportunities for the co-operative, our farmer shareholders, particularly in the food service sector, which is a growing segment of our business and a key part of our strategy to capture more market value."
Alliance Group is a co-operative owned by about 5000 farmer shareholders and is the world's largest processor and exporter of sheep meat.
An agreement which would allow China to export retail-ready fresh unpeeled onions to New Zealand was also signed.
Mr Guy welcomed the signing of an agreement with China aimed at strengthening cooperation in fisheries, and an agreed list of projects to commence as part of the Agricultural Growth Partnership which was signed last year.