There is an eerily close parallel between his predicament and that of the former UK politician, Gordon Brown.
Brown was handed the premiership, after a long wait, when Tony Blair, who is variously reckoned to have been either a brilliantly persuasive communicator or a ham actor and con man, was persuaded to remove himself from the scene.
Brown was a dour Scot, not given to levity and small talk.
The contrast with Blair was all too apparent. His advisers told him that he must smile more. With the result that often, in the middle of a television interview on some humourless topic, he would suddenly remember to smile and, at the most inopportune moment, break into a kind of rictus, baring his teeth in an alarming way and appearing almost manic.
English is not similarly afflicted, but he does not have Key's easy manner, and, when he remembers to smile, he can often look as though he is enjoying a private joke at the expense of his interlocutors, perhaps because he knows he is cleverer than they are and knows things they don't.
But his problems are not just presentational. He, more than anyone else, has been associated with, and has claimed the credit for, giving priority to the deficit. Not the country's deficit (the one that really matters) but the government's.
Cutting the deficit matters, especially to policy wonks, but a price has been paid for the cuts, particularly by ordinary people who have found that their housing, health, education and living standards have suffered while the government has pocketed money that could have been spent on them.
And he is still at it. As we speak, he has authorised a further sale of state houses in Christchurch to absentee landlords in Australia. More money for the government's coffers, but a further loss of government-provided housing for the badly housed and homeless.
It was one thing to be hard-nosed as Minister of Finance, but quite another to be a hard-nosed prime minister.
The combination of a smiling front man and a tough number two served the last government well, but English and Joyce, two hard-nosed money men who focus more on figures than people, may not work as well.
That leaves the Deputy's position. The call from the rival candidates, Paula Bennett and Simon Bridges, was for change and refreshment; a call that could be echoed to advantage by Andrew Little come election time.