Weeds dandy for good health

Dandelion

In my November article, I raved about the greatness of some weeds and provided a brief overview of some. I received feedback from readers expressing interest, particularly in regards to more detailed information of the benefits individual weeds can have on our health and wellbeing and how to use them. In response to this I will dedicate some of my monthly columns to single weed summaries.
Dandelion Dandelions are everywhere. Everywhere people are, that is. They are almost found universally, except in extreme conditions.
Dandelion is a common weed found in lawns, gardens and waste areas. It has a strong tap root. The leaves form a rosette from the base and are jagged in shape and hairless. Each yellow flower is found on a single, hollow stem. Be careful not to confuse it with hawkbit or catsear. These are either hairy, less serrated or bitter and tend to have multiple flowers off one tall stem. The seed heads of the dandelion become the clocks we blow for children. Please be careful with your identification. If in doubt, leave it out!
Every part of the dandelion can be used as a medicine and nutrient source. The plant is best considered in four parts - the root, leaves, flowers and sap. Although there are similarities between the parts, they also contain some different constituents, are used in different ways and for different purposes.
Roots
The root contains potassium, calcium, sodium, phosphorus, iron, zinc, vitamins A, B, C and D, choline and inulin (a soluble fibre that encourages the growth of good bacteria in the gut).
Dandelion root is mainly used for stimulating and cleansing the liver and gall bladder. By toning the liver it can improve digestion, reduce indigestion and relieve constipation. It can also be helpful for those vulnerable to blood sugar fluctuations as it normalises pancreas, kidney and spleen activity. You can also consider dandelion root for conditions such as being allergy prone, skin inflammation, acne, high cholesterol and urinary problems.
Use fresh or dried roots to make a decoction, by placing 1-2 teaspoons of root in small saucepan. Add 1.5 cups of water (preferably purified). Place the lid on the saucepan and bring to the boil. Reduce heat to low and simmer for 20-30 minutes. Strain and drink the liquid. Return the root to the garden to compost. Each individual's requirements will vary. Up to three cups daily may be helpful. I often make a larger amount, double strength and refrigerate the excess. When I'm having another cup later I pour half a mug and top it up with boiling water. Be sure to consume the reserved proportion within two days or discard it under a tree.
Leaves
Dandelion leaves are high in vitamin A, D, B complex, C, iron, sodium, potassium, zinc. Dandelion greens are higher in vitamin A than carrots and exceed the vitamin B, C and D content of most other traditional vegetables!
Dandelion leaves are used for many of the same conditions as the root, especially to stimulate digestion. As a diuretic, it is useful for removing excess water. It may be useful for controlling high blood pressure, poor circulation, gout and premenstrual water retention. Obviously this depends on the underlying cause of the condition.
Eat fresh leaves with your meals. The young leaves are best (and less bitter). Eat raw, lightly steamed or added to juices, smoothies, casseroles and soups.
Alternatively, make an infusion by placing one teaspoon of dried leaves or one tablespoon of fresh leaves into a teapot or saucepan. Add one cup of boiling distilled water. Place the lid on the pot and leave it to infuse for 10 minutes. Strain and drink the liquid. Return the leaves to the earth.
Flowers
Dandelion flowers can help to calm and soothe areas and support liver function. This makes them potentially helpful for skin problems such as sunburn, bites and oily skin.
Sprinkle petals into salads or sandwiches or make an infusion as directed under the 'leaves' section. The infusion can be drunk or used topically on the body
Sap
Dandelion sap can be dabbed on warts, corns, callouses, pimples and bee stings. Use the fresh sap topically only. If ingested it can cause nausea and vomiting.