As well as Mo'unga and Tahuriorangi, other back changes in the match day 23 see TJ Perenara named to start at halfback and Ben Smith move back to fullback.
In the forwards, Karl Tu'inukuafe starts at loosehead prop, in for the injured Joe Moody, and Tim Perry comes into the prop reserves.
In the second row, Scott Barrett starts, with Sam Whitelock moving to the bench. Shannon Frizell will make his second test start at blindside flanker, Ardie Savea is at seven, with Luke Whitelock coming into the loose forward reserves.
All Blacks head coach Steve Hansen said: "While we've made a number of changes from our last outing, this is not a reflection on Argentina but rather a desire by us to grow the experience and depth of our squad. Secondary to that, we also know that if we don't use the whole squad across a long season, we'll run out of steam later in the year.
"In making these changes, it also needs to be said that the high expectation we place on ourselves remains the same, regardless of who we've selected. The All Blacks jersey demands this."
The match day 23 (with test caps in brackets. * new cap):
1. Karl Tu'inukuafe (5)
2. Codie Taylor (34)
3. Owen Franks (100)
4. Brodie Retallick (70)
5. Scott Barrett (21)
6. Shannon Frizell (1)
7. Ardie Savea (27)
8. Kieran Read - captain (111)
9. TJ Perenara (47)
10. Richie Mo'unga (1)
11. Waisake Naholo (21)
12. Ngani Laumape (7)
13. Jack Goodhue (3)
14. Nehe Milner-Skudder (11)
15. Ben Smith (70)
16. Nathan Harris (15)
17. Tim Perry (1)
18. Ofa Tuungafasi (18)
19. Samuel Whitelock (101)
20. Luke Whitelock (5)
21. Te Toiroa Tahuriorangi *
22. Damian McKenzie (17)
23. Anton Lienert-Brown (26)