Lower estrogen levels can cause the walls of the vagina and urethra to become dry, fragile and irritated. If you are affected by urinary tract infections and/or vaginal dryness, use non-fragranced washes instead of soap, choose natural underwear and try a lubricant or moisturiser if vaginal dryness is bothering you. Your doctor may prescribe an estrogen cream.
Through this phase, the ability of our digestive system to absorb nutrients decreases while our need for some vitamins and minerals increases. Adequate intake of calcium and vitamin D and regular weight bearing exercise are essential for bone health. Maintaining iron and other nutrient levels can be achieved with a healthy, balanced diet and supplements when necessary.
Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) is available in creams, pessaries, patches and tablets. While evidence around MHT has varied over years, internationally it is now believed that benefits are likely to outweigh the risks for most women under 60 years within 10 years of menopause, for relief from bothersome symptoms. Your doctor and pharmacist can help you weigh up the risks and benefits.
As an alternative, antidepressants that act on serotonin levels may improve mood swings and hot flushes. Some women will get short-term relief from black cohosh or phytoestrogens (red clover, soy). Making lifestyle changes may also help, start with reducing stress and practising relaxation. Eat a healthy diet, low in saturated fat and high in calcium and fibre. Quit smoking and limit tea, coffee and alcohol. And please, ask for help and support from friends, family and professionals when you need it.
The information provided is a guide and not intended as a comprehensive medical service. It should not be used as a substitute for seeking professional medical advice.
■ Our pharmacists are available to answer your health questions in store or by phone on 06 835 7948. For more health topics, visit us online at www.ahuriripharmacy.co.nz."
