A Transport Ministry official has estimated the increase in excise would cost each driver an additional $45 a year.
It has been signalled that revenue from the increase in excise tax would contribute to roads of national significance.
Labour said the three petrol tax increases are needed only because the Government gave top income earners big tax cuts in 2010.
Labour's Revenue and Associate Finance spokesman David Cunliffe said an extra $900 million was being taken from people's pockets through petrol taxes.
"Over $1 billion more that is needed for ACC is being collected from New Zealanders in levies - an extra $900 million is being taken from people's pockets through petrol taxes."
Labour's finance spokesman David Parker said Labour will oppose the bill, which is expected to be passed under urgency.